This review gives a general overview of optical fibre biosensors, their sensing principles and associated instrumental set-up. The techniques for the immobilization of enzymes is also covered. Enzyme-based optical biosensors are classified according to the type of optical transducer (including oxygen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, pH and ion-selective, the type of spectroscopic detection technique (absorbance, fluorescence, chemiluminescence and bioluminescence). Trends in real samples are also covered including the clinical and biomedical field, food samples and bioprocess products. (A review of 153 references).
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